When you take ritonavir, a protease inhibitor used to treat HIV infection by blocking viral replication. Also known as Norvir, it’s often combined with other antiretrovirals to boost their effectiveness. But many people don’t realize one of its most damaging side effects shows up not in their blood, but in their mouth.
Studies show that ritonavir, a key component in many HIV treatment regimens, is linked to rapid tooth decay, gum inflammation, and even tooth loss. This isn’t just bad oral hygiene—it’s a direct chemical effect. Ritonavir is formulated with high concentrations of alcohol and propylene glycol, which dry out saliva. Less saliva means less natural protection against acids and bacteria. Over time, this creates the perfect storm for cavities, especially in molars and around fillings. People on long-term ritonavir therapy often report sensitive teeth, bad breath, and swollen gums long before they see a dentist.
And it’s not just the drug itself. HIV, a condition that weakens the immune system and reduces the body’s ability to fight oral infections, makes things worse. When your immune system is already compromised, even minor gum irritation can turn into serious periodontal disease. Add in the fact that many HIV patients also take other medications that cause dry mouth, and you’ve got a perfect recipe for dental collapse. Some patients lose multiple teeth within just two years of starting treatment.
Thankfully, this isn’t inevitable. Regular dental checkups, fluoride rinses, sugar-free gum, and strict hydration can slow the damage. But the first step is awareness. If you’re on ritonavir, your dentist needs to know—because most general practitioners don’t connect the dots between your HIV meds and your crumbling teeth. You’re not being careless. You’re just caught in a side effect that’s rarely discussed.
Below, you’ll find real patient experiences, clinical insights, and practical steps to protect your teeth while staying on life-saving treatment. This isn’t about scare tactics—it’s about giving you the tools to keep your mouth healthy, no matter what’s in your pillbox.
Ritonavir can cause dry mouth, thrush, and gum problems. Learn practical steps to protect your teeth and gums while taking this HIV medication, including daily habits, what to avoid, and when to see your dentist.
